The term Audio-Animatronics was coined by Walt Disney in 1961 when he started developing animatronics for entertainment and film. The term Animatronics is a portmanteau of animate and electronics. Robots (or other artificial beings) designed to convincingly resemble humans are known as " androids". Since then, robots have become known as more practical programmable machines that do not necessarily resemble living creatures. The oldest extant automaton is dated to the 16th century.īefore the term "animatronics" became common, they were usually referred to as " robots". Greek mythology and ancient Chinese writings mention early examples of automata. Animatronics stem from a long tradition of mechanical automata powered by hydraulics, pneumatics and clockwork. Figures are usually encased in body shells and flexible skins made of hard and soft plastic materials and finished with colors, hair, feathers and other components to make them more lifelike. Motion actuators are often used to imitate muscle movements and create realistic motions. Animatronic figures can be implemented with both computer and human control, including teleoperation. It is a multidisciplinary field integrating puppetry, anatomy and mechatronics. They are a modern variant of the automaton and are often used for the portrayal of characters in films and in theme park attractions. Tyrannosaurus at London's Natural History MuseumĪnimatronics refers to mechatronic puppets.
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